Attention
Research
Cognitive difficulties
Concentration and attention difficulties are the most likely problems to show on clinical tests of cognition. The more demanding the task (the more processing resources required), the more likely that someone with MS will have trouble.
Further Reading
Forn C, Belenguer A, Parcet-Ibars MA, Avila C. Information-processing speed is the primary deficit underlying the poor performance of multiple sclerosis patients in the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT). J Clin Exp Neuropsychol 2008; 30(7):789-96.
Rosti E, Hamalainen P, Koivisto K, Hokkanen L. PASAT in detecting cognitive impairment in relapsing-remitting MS. Appl Neuropsychol 2007;14:101-12.
Rehabilitation
Several studies have investigated the effect of computer training programmes on attention and concentration and most have not demonstrated an improvement. However, one study identified which type of attention was weakest for each person (selective attention, divided attention, vigilance, or alertness). The weakest type of attention was then trained by computer programme. The type of attention that had been trained improved, whilst the untrained types of attention did not improve for the individuals participating.
Further Reading
Plohmann AM, Kappos L, Ammann W, et al. Computer assisted retraining of attentional impairments in patients with multiple sclerosis. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 1998;64:455-62.
Solari A, Motta A, Mendozzi L, et al. Computer-aided retraining of memory and attention in people with multiple sclerosis: a randomized, double-blind controlled trial. J Neurol Sci 2004;222:99-104.
Brenk A, Laun K, Haase CG. Short-term cognitive training improves mental efficacy and mood in patients with multiple sclerosis. Eur Neurol 2008;60:304-9.